The Oval Office and its decor have been a major talking point lately, and as a lover of history, I began to wonder what the room looked like prior to the plethora of gold accents it seems to have -ahem- sprouted over the past couple of years. So, I went for a dig.
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Every president is allocated $100,000 by Congress to redecorate the White House to their taste (though some have opted to use personal funds or reuse furnishings instead).
Presidents can take a personal liking to particular items used by their predecessors and leave them installed during their own terms. But if they do want to change things up, it often takes time for a full redecoration. Sometimes they end up using their predecessor's office decor until their personal revamp is complete, meaning photos interestingly show the Oval in a transitional state between two presidencies.
Here's the Oval Office on inauguration day, Jan. 20, 1969, as White House staff removed President Lyndon Johnson's setup to make room for President Richard Nixon's.

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From brand-new rugs to the last guy's curtains, here's what the Oval Office has looked like through the last 16 presidencies:
Unfortunately, we only have a black-and-white photo of his setup, but President Roosevelt is seated here behind the Hoover desk, which the Grand Rapids Furniture Manufacturers' Association gifted to President Hoover in 1930.

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President Truman's Oval Office was decorated in a sea-green shade with green curtains. He chose to remove the Hoover desk and have President Theodore Roosevelt's former desk moved into the Oval Office instead.

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Here he is with his personal staff around 1945.

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And celebrating his 67th birthday at his desk in 1951.

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President Eisenhower kept Truman's color scheme and Theodore Roosevelt's desk. He's pictured here with Vice President Richard Nixon and Russian Premier Nikita Khruschev in 1959.

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Here he is behind the desk in 1956.

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President Kennedy chose to swap Theodore Roosevelt's desk in favor of the Resolute Desk, made from timber from the British ship HMS Resolute, which Queen Victoria had gifted to President Rutherford B. Hayes.

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Here's Kennedy at his desk in 1962, in front of those familiar green curtains. He created a new design for the Oval Office but never saw it come to fruition, as the renovations, including white walls, white curtains, and a red rug, were completed during the trip to Texas on which he was assassinated.

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Here are John F. Kennedy Jr. and Caroline Kennedy playing in the Oval Office, also in 1962.

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President Johnson kept the new white color scheme that President Kennedy had designed, though he swapped out Kennedy's red rug for a light blue one. He also got his own unique personal desk.

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He's seated here with Thurgood Marshall discussing his nomination to the US Supreme Court in 1967.

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Here, first lady Lady Bird Johnson stands nearby as LBJ speaks with the Kennedy family after Senator Robert F. Kennedy's assassination in 1968.

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President Nixon chose a very bright gold-and-blue color scheme for the office, leaving the walls white. He also used the Wilson desk, which had previously sat in the vice president's room at the Capitol. (That desk later had a recording system installed in it in 1971, the tapes from which were part of the Watergate scandal.)

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Here he is seated at his desk in front of a bust of Abraham Lincoln in 1972.

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Here, he's near the fireplace in gold chairs with Cardinal Terence Cooke, Archbishop of New York, in 1970.

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Ford kept the Wilson desk and took Nixon's bright blue-and-gold color scheme and toned it down a bit, going with a pastel yellow and blue theme instead.

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He also added terracotta curtains and a floral rug, as seen in this 1986 photo with Chevy Chase (they're inside a replica of the Oval Office in Ford's Presidential Library in Grand Rapids, Michigan).

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Here he is seated behind the desk in 1975.

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President Carter kept President Ford's curtain and rug setup, but brought back the Resolute Desk.

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Here he is on the phone in a sweater in 1980.

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Here, he's near the fireplace with some vases and British Prime Minister James Callaghan in 1978.

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During his first term, Reagan kept the Oval Office design left behind by Presidents Ford and Carter. Here, Reagan holds a lunch meeting with National Security Advisor William P. Clark, Jr., and Secretary of State George P. Shultz in 1982.

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Here he is blowing out his birthday candles at the Resolute Desk in 1982. Reagan actually had the desk altered, adding 2" to the base to accommodate his height (6'2") and prevent his knees from hitting the drawers (more easily seen in this photo).

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During his second term, he redecorated with a new beige color scheme, inspired by "earthy colors." The rug had a sunbeam pattern that radiated out from the center.

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In this 1989 interview with Mike Wallace from 60 Minutes, some of his western-themed statues are visible on the shelves and tables as well.

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President Bush made some drastic changes to the room's color scheme, choosing blue-and-white curtains and a light blue rug. He also removed the Resolute Desk and chose to continue using the desk he'd used as vice president.

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Here he is seated at his desk in 1991, shortly after announcing the start of an air offensive to liberate Kuwait.

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Here, H.W. meets with the Jordanian delegate to the Middle East peace talks, Salam Majali, and Palestinian delegate Haidar Abdel Shafi in 1992.

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President Clinton also chose to make considerable changes to the room, opting for gold curtains, a dark blue rug, and striped couches. And yep, that is indeed the Resolute Desk, back home in the Oval.

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Here's what the office looked like empty in 1993.

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Here, Clinton is seated behind the Resolute Desk while meeting with the chairman of the National Economic Council, Bob Rubin, in 1993, partway through the redecoration. His gold curtains are behind him, but President Bush's light-blue rug is still in place.

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President Bush decked out the Oval Office in a rug reminiscent of President Reagan's, featuring a similar sunburst.

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He also chose a set of antique gold curtains. Here, he sits behind the desk in 2006 during an address to the nation on the anniversary of 9/11.

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Here, he is seated at the Resolute Desk during a phone call, with his chair mat visible, in 2003.

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President Obama's revamp of the Oval Office included striped wallpaper and a beige rug featuring the presidential seal. (In this image, President Bush's curtains are still up.)

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Here, Obama sits behind the Resolute Desk editing his remarks after the death of Osama bin Laden in 2011 in front of his chosen red curtains.

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Here, President Obama sits with the future King Charles, Queen Camilla, and President Joe Biden, in front of the fireplace.

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14. Donald Trump (first term)
President Trump's proclivity for gold was present during his first term. If the gold drapes he chose for his first term look familiar, it's because, ironically, they're the exact ones used in President Clinton's office setup. The rug is the one used by President Reagan.

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Here he is speaking to the media in front of the aforementioned curtains, flanked by HHS Secretary Tom Price and Vice President Mike Pence.

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Here, the brocade-patterned wallpaper President Trump chose to add to the room is visible around the fireplace.

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Here's the room empty, featuring the Clinton curtains, Reagan's rug, and the brocade wallpaper in 2017.

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President Biden chose to keep the gold Clinton curtains from President Trump's first term installed in the Oval Office.

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However, he chose to replace the rug with the same dark blue one President Clinton used as well. Here he's pictured with then-German Chancellor Angela Merkel in 2021.

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Here, he is speaking with Kenya's President William Ruto in front of the fireplace in 2024. President Trump's brocade wallpaper remained in place throughout Biden's presidency as well.

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16. Donald Trump (current term)
President Trump has made a plethora of changes to the Oval Office in his current term, including adding many gold adornments to the walls, trim, and fireplace that some folks have speculated came from Home Depot.

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Here are some of the furnishings on the fireplace, along with gold accent pieces.

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More of the gold wall decor is visible behind the 1980 US Olympic men's ice hockey team (not actual cowboys, surprisingly enough).

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He also added this cursive label to the outside of the room.

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And finally, here, President Trump sits behind the Resolute Desk; the gold accents on the walls (and also on the door) are visible. The Clinton curtains remain, and the Reagan rug has also been returned to the floor.

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